My Student-centered Teaching Philosophy Essay - 690 Words

My Student-centered Teaching Philosophy What makes a good teacher? There are many factors that determined the answers to this question. The most dominant factor is the teaching philosophy. It plays a significant role in the teaching career because it determines what the teacher will teach and how he/she will teach. Personally, my teaching philosophy will be student-centered with the combination of three related theories, and emphasis on each student’s individual needs, and teaching multiculturalism and diversity. The teaching should be student-centered. The purpose of education is to transform the knowledge to the next generation. Thus, everything we teach should be closely related to the student’s concern.†¦show more content†¦They should have the choices when it comes to what they want to learn, such as what textbooks they want to use, what kind of books on the reading lists they want to read, ect. Thus, the students are motivated to learn. They will get the best result from it. The teaching should emphasis on students’ individual needs and their own characters. Everyone is different, such as learning styles. Thus, the traditional format of teaching won’t work out for the whole student body. The teaching methods should be variable and fit into individual needs. Also the size of the classroom should be considerably small. Thus, the teacher could pay enough attention to each one of the students in the classroom. Personally, I really prefer the teaching style of the Montessori School. Maria Montessori is not a traditional educator. She believes that children have an inner need to work at tasks that interest them. Given the right materials and tasks, children need not be rewarded and punished by the teacher. She believes that children prefer work to play and are capable of sustained periods of concentration. Young children need a carefully prepared environment in order to learn. Under this kind of curriculum, children learned practical skills, such as buttoning clothing and displaying basic manners. They also learned formal skills, such as reading and writing. In addition, special materials including movable sandpaper lettersShow MoreRelatedChapter 8- Philosophy Of Education Essay724 Words   |  3 Pages Teachers, Schools, and Society. (10th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill. Chapter 8- Philosophy of Education pp. 250-257 The author mentions four elements of philosophies in education that may center on teachers and centered on students. Teacher- Centered Philosophies are mostly emphasizes the importance of transferring knowledge, information, and skills. One teacher-centered philosophy is Essentialism. Essentialism teaching the back to basic approach, which centers ‘building knowledge but also disciplineRead MoreAspects of Several Theories of Education956 Words   |  4 PagesThere are teacher centered and student centered ones, each one has its pros and cons. Educators use all different kinds of philosophy, many even combine philosophies. .After researching and observing different ways of teaching I have found I like a lot of them but only few aspects of each. I do believe in a student centered atmosphere so Progressivism and Reconstructionism are most logical choices. Progressivism focuses on the students benefits, this theory allows for greater student involvement, whichRead MoreWhy I Should Be A Teacher1676 Words   |  7 Pagesmost of my life I have wanted to be a teacher. The biggest reason why I want to be a teacher is because I want to help students like my teachers have helped me. I was homeschooled until sixth grade, and once my parents put me into that school; I have wanted to become a teacher. Throughout my life, I have always enjoyed helping people. I always look for things that I can to do to help people and with teacher I can inspire students every day. I want to change my student’s lives, by teaching then toRead MoreThe Role Of Nurse Educator Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesEducational Philosophy I am not new to the role of nurse or educator, but to the role of nursing educator. My motivation to teach future generations of nurses prompted my transition from a clinical nurse to an academic nurse educator. My interest in teaching comes from my own positive experiences as an undergraduate student and from a love of learning. My educational philosophy is a work in progress as I continue to grow as a nurse, educator, and scholar of nursing education. As a novice nursingRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Education And Education Essay1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe philosophy of education is not a topic that can be fully taught and understood by reading and studying a textbook, or a few textbooks for that matter. I believe that the philosophy of education is somewhat subjective, rather than objective, and that there exists numerous answers to what is the â€Å"philosophy of education†. I feel that one’s answers can not be expressed with a single word nor a sentence; and that on e has to â€Å"experience† rather than just read to find the answer. Yes, a huge part ofRead MoreEssay on Statement of Philosophy and Goals1301 Words   |  6 PagesStatement of Philosophy and Goals As a child playing school with the neighborhood children, I had always dreamed of becoming a teacher. Since the first day of kindergarten, watching the teacher teach us how to do basic things like counting, writing, and reading is what interested me in teaching. Throughout my elementary and secondary education I became even more interested in the teaching field. I thought that being a teacher would be the best thing in the world because a teacher has an immenseRead MoreThe Teacher Centered Philosophies Of Education1098 Words   |  5 Pagesand science, writing and also reading. Teacher-centered philosophies of education require that children are educated using certain methods put into action by their teacher, as opposed to student-centered philosophies. Teaching methods are formed according to the needs and learning styles of individual students. Teacher-centered philosophies force the student to adjust to the teacher; with student-centered philosophies, the teacher adjusts to th e student. An essentialist curriculum is structured toRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy Statement Aristotle once said, â€Å"The one exclusive sign of thorough knowledge is the power of teaching.† Teaching enables students to gain the intelligence needed to excel in life. I believe that a teacher’s philosophy of education is a crucial role in his or her approach to leading students on their educated path. A philosophy of education is the set of beliefs that every school and every teacher stand behind. The certain philosophy that one chooses provides the answersRead MoreI Am A Professional Teacher Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesmany different philosophies to choose from when teaching in a classroom. Out of the five philosophies, I ranked the highest in Essentialism and Progressivism. Both of these philosophies are taught entirely different from each other. Essentialism is teacher-centered learning and expresses the teaching by the core curriculum. Progressivism is student-centered learning and expresses the teaching by doing group work. I believe that a classroom should be divided between using both philosophies. I believeRead MoreSummary Of Dead Poet s Society1391 Words   |  6 PagesRebecca Rizer Professor Christy Livergood History and Philosophy of Education 24 February 2016 Dead Poet’s Society â€Å"Dead Poet’s Society† was a film which centered around a group of students whom were unhappy with their education, even though they attended the â€Å"best prep school in America.† Most of the students were controlled in one way or another when it came to their education and life as a whole. Over the course of the movie, the boys gradually opened up and their personalities shined through

Essay on Promoting Literacy Development Through Writing

Entry 1: Promoting Literacy Development through Writing 1. Instructional Context Genesis is a ten year old African American female and is in the fifth grade. She lives in a low income neighborhood with her Grandmother whom has sole custody. While Genesis’ Grandmother would like to play a more active role in her granddaughter’s education, she works a full time job and has health problems that prevent her being able to drive. Genesis was in my fourth grade Read 180 class and is with me again as a fifth grader. I selected this student because she is strong in phonemic awareness, yet her writing scores are weak and she needs the most individualized support in writing. Genesis was referred to me in the third grade because she was a†¦show more content†¦She often needs extra support during any written literacy lessons. Genesis uses few descriptive words in her writing and refuses to use figurative language. She will copy the word of the week in her journal and use it orally in conversation, yet will struggle to use it in writing. I try to involve her in many activities that require written expression such as writing prompts, story summaries and exit slips, but Genesis would rather write short rhyming poems. At the onset of this instructional period, Genesis had started to make some progress towards her individual writing goals and was reading on a reading lexile of 480 which is approximately equivalent to a second grader. This low reading level was made evident in her writing by her use of simple vocabulary and lack of figurative language and lack of precise language. As a reader, she demonstrates the ability to distinguish between points of view, make predictions and draw conclusions from texts, understand the characteristics of poetry (including rhyme, scheme, stanzas and repetition). She displayed these specific strengths and weaknesses as a writer. As a writer, she is able to write in complete sentences and spell commonly confused words correctly. She does not demonstrate the ability to use vo ice with an emphasis on figurative language, create written descriptions using precise language and use revision strategies to improve the organization of herShow MoreRelatedStrenthening Early Literacy Skills in Studnets Language Word Recognitio1634 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: STRENGTHENING EARLY LITERACY SKILLS IN STUDNETS: LANGUAGE AND WORD RECOGNITION Strengthening Early Literacy Skills in Students: Language and Word Recognition 510: Grand Canyon University Joanna Martinez September 9, 2012 Strengthening Early Literacy Skills in Students: Language and Word Recognition Introduction When discussing early literacy, its development begins at birth and continues its development throughout yearly childhood years. Literacy is having the skill to readRead More I Teach Therefore I Can Essay examples1478 Words   |  6 Pagesprogressed. As a result, it is no longer enough to be able to read and write on a basic level. The Workforce Investment Act of 1998 defines literacy as â€Å"an individual’s ability to read, write, speak in English, compute and solve problems at levels of proficiency necessary to function on the job, in the family of the individual and in society.† (National Institute for Literacy). As a teacher, this definition is two-fold as it is the teacher’s responsibility to be literate in the profession as well as prepareRead MoreThe Achievement Of Desire By Richard Rodriguez1412 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant, but not mandatory. It is crucial for everyone to understand how it attributes towards the outside environment. Literate arts is a way for individuals to express and understand themselves through different forms of writing- like stories, poems, etc. Literate arts are good for promoting the development of aesthetic sensibility, using sentimental and cognitive responses- which leads to precise critical reasonings. In Richard Rodriguez’s essay, â€Å"The Achievement of Desire,† he informs the readersRead MoreEarly Literacy : The Foundation Of Learning1316 Words   |  6 PagesEarly Literacy: the Foundation of Learning. Are you a strong reader? Do you enjoy reading? If you answered yes to either of these questions then chances are you were read to as an infant and/or toddler. Therefore, you began the work on your literacy skills early on. In this paper we will dive deep into the world of early literacy by discussing what it is exactly and when it begins to develop. We will also talk about some recommendations for parents as well as teachers on how to create a literacyRead MoreThe Type Of Speech : An Informative Speech1075 Words   |  5 Pagesdiverse children’s literature and youth literacy. My company: I am an employee at a children’s literature publishing company that is looking to branch out into the international/global market. Speech title: The Importance of Diverse Children s Literature THESIS STATEMENT Fostering a love of reading at a young age is important. Childhood literacy is important to overarching education and development in youth, and one of the best ways to improve childhood literacy is to provide a multitude of diverseRead MoreBecoming a Reflective Teacher of English 1553 Words   |  7 PagesAs I reflect on my initial blog entry (see Appendix A), I realise that my understanding of literacy has developed expeditiously, from a simplistic view into a multi-faceted outlook that underpins learning throughout the curriculum. Although I had indicated an awareness of the interrelationship of speaking and listening, reading and writing (SLWR), I did not conduct in depth analysis that considers these elements specifically with the process of learning. This essay will discuss how my understandingRead MoreUnderstand Current National and Organisational Policies and Practices for Literacy Development1532 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstand current national and organisational policies and practices for literacy development 1.1, Explain the aims and importance of learning provision for literacy development The learning provisions for development in literacy are extremely important and can be reached by using their language skills. They learn to communicate with others through three main ways: they are Speaking, Reading and Writing. These three areas interact with each other and develop the Childs self-expression and imaginationRead MoreWhy I Am My Top Strengths And My Greatest Weakness824 Words   |  4 Pageschildren are living in poverty† (Gambrell, Part 1, 2014). Poverty places children at a higher risk for a number of problems, including those associated with brain development and social and emotional development† (Part 1). Evidence-Based Best Practices are crucial for successful literary development in our society. These practices transcend through all socioeconomic statues and different demographics, they remove the disadvantages some may face and create an environment that promotes equity and equalityRead MoreEarly Childhood : A Learning Type Of Environment Place Or Programs1563 Words   |  7 Pagesteacher. Early childhood is where professional promote and prepare children of all walks of life, all different types of back grounds, different special needs and different types of disabilities. From ages zero –two and three - five years old learn through their environment. Early childhood programs set different types of standards that will help children and their families. Early childhood programs offer a family type environment, so children and their families feel welcome and safe. When coming toRead MoreStudents With Disabilities : Instructional Practices For Literacy Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pages Students with Disabilities: Instructional Practices for Literacy A Review Of The Literature Alicia M. Genco Charleston Southern University â€Æ' Abstract Students with disabilities are at a higher at-risk for dropping out of high school at a greater rate than typically developing peers (Pyle Wexler, 2012). Students with identified disabilities are required to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) according to law, and these students have unique needs that general education curriculum

Summer and People Free Essays

India is a tropical country. Here Summer Season is felt more prominently than any other season. Ordinarily, we begin to feel the summer heat from the month of April to the second week of June. We will write a custom essay sample on Summer and People or any similar topic only for you Order Now This season is remarkable for the heat. People suffer from terrible heat right from the morning till the midnight. In the morning people feel a gentle breeze. Then the sun rises and the horror of the heat commences. All the activities of the people are done with a little comfort only in the morning time. As the sun rises heat is felt. People are afraid to go out. Due to terrible heat, streets and roads become lonely. Those who take up some journey in day time get tired very soon. Very often they are affected by the sun-stroke. Dehydration occurs as body sweats heavily. If we do not take plenty of water, we break down. The mid-day is the most horrible and unbearable part of the day. Birds and other animals take rest. Sometimes wind blows carrying hot particles of dust. Sometimes there is no wind. There is only radiation and heat. They sit under the shade of trees. Still there is no relief from the heat. They frequently feel thirsty. People keep their cattle confined to the shed. This hot condition prevails up to four o’clock in the afternoon. Although the sun comes down in the sky the blazing heat does not decrease. When people come out, the skin of their body feels burning. Ponds and pools dry up. The water level in wells also goes down. People often walk miles and miles to fetch water. If there is scanty water in a pond, people use that water for all purposes. Thus, the unhygienic situation is created. Of course, the development of science has given us coolers and fans to fight heat. This is possible only on the part of the rich. In Summer Season, violent thunderstorms arise in afternoon. They bring showers very often. People get relief from the painful heat. Schools and Colleges remain closed for Summer Vacation. Government offices function in the morning only. Cold drinks, lasi and sharbat are sold in specific stalls. Children run for ice-creams. In this season we get several fruits such as mango and jackfruit, etc. How to cite Summer and People, Essay examples

Health status Report of Vera for Model - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHealth status Report of Vera for Model. Answer: Health Status Report of Vera Based on Comprehensive Model of Assessment The comprehensive mental health assessment is very important to establish a therapeutic alliance with the patient (Coombs et al 2011). It is important to formulate treatment goals and plans after doing a comprehensive mental health assessment of the patient. A comprehensive assessment include collection of information regarding medical history, personal history, social history, family history, the present mental state, cognitive assessment, substance abuse (tobacco, alcohol, drugs), physical assessment, and potential risks (ibid). Now follows the Health status Report of Vera based on Comprehensive model of Mental Health Assessment. History The history taking is very important component of mental health assessment (Bor et al 2016). The history includes psychiatric history, medical history, personal history (Psychosocial/ developmental history), family history and social history (ibid). In the case of Vera, we could not gather any information regarding history. The only information available is that Vera has this illness since a long time. The interviewer asked twice that from how long he is suffering like this. The only answer was, Long time. While taking the history of medication, it was known that Vera stopped taking medication since few weeks or few months as he suspected that the medicines were poisoned by some invaders. Mental State Examination First of all, it is very important to know patients state of mind at the time of interview. It will further help in providing direction to the assessment. It will tell whether the patient is ready for a comprehensive assessment right now, or he is critical and need to be interviewed discretely and need to be given some medical intervention after diagnosis (Akiskal 2016). The patient in this particular Video was quite disturbed. He was feeling cold and was fully clad with jacket, cap, muffler, and gloves. He was shaking his legs constantly. He was putting goggles. He was looking old and weak. He was worried and upset. He was also looking here and there in order to suspect someone around. This was due to auditory hallucinations and a response to that. He was suspecting that some intruders are spying on him and so he was looking for them here and there in the room. He was having tremors due to which he was shaking his legs. He was restless, withdrawn and uncomfortable. There was a littl e degree of anxiety in the behaviour of Veera. It was difficult for the interviewer to build rapport with the Vera as he was suspecting the interviewer initially but later on he started responding well to the asked questions. His speech was also poor and pressured. His face was showing the emotions of disagreement. There was also incoherence in his thoughts. He was feeling as if some intruders are putting thoughts in his mind. He was not having any suicidal thoughts. Neither he was having thoughts of harming himself, nor was he having thoughts of harming others. He was having phobia. He was fearful of some intruders who were spying on him and were yelling at him. These symptoms suggest of Schizophrenia. The interviewer also knew from his case history or case manager that the patient has a history of Schizophrenia. There is no objective diagnostic test of Schizophrenia as of 2013 (American Psychiatric Association 2013). Diagnosis is entirely clinical and is based on symptoms of patient and his experiences which he tells to clinician. The diagnosis is also based on the behaviour of patient as described by friends and family members of patient (ibid). The symptoms of Schizophrenia are often described in terms of positive and negative symptoms (Kneisl Trigoboff 2009). Positive symptoms are those symptoms which are not present in healthy individuals but are present in Schizophrenia patients. It includes auditory hallucinations, delusions, disorganised thoughts speech, abnormal social behaviour, and other manifestations of Psychosis (ibid). Negative symptoms are those which are deficits in patient with Schizophrenia as compared to normal healthy person. These include poor social skills, inability to form good relationships, difficulties in adjustment, inability to be happy and experience pleasure, poor speech, and lack of motivation in life (ibid). This particular patient is also showing similar symptoms. Sensorium and Cognition Cognition in schizophrenia guides us towards pathophysiology, and treatment of the disease (Green Harvey 2014). The study of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia has become central in the study of schizophrenia itself, and the course prognosis of its treatment (ibid). The poor cognition makes the patient functionally handicap. Anti-psychotic medicines treat the psychosis but cognition needs psychiatric rehabilitation, to be fully functional and participate in social life (ibid). The patient was oriented in terms of time, place and person. He was able to tell the name of the interviewer and his profession. He was also able to tell the day and date. He came all by himself by taking a bus. His memory was fine. He was able to tell the names of past five prime ministers of Australia. He was slightly disoriented. He was having abstract thoughts of 5-6 people in red cars spying on him; people on TV putting thoughts in his mind; hearing voices that tell him to take-off his clothes; intruders have poisoned his medicines etc. Insight Schizophrenia is commonly accompanied with poor insight (Vander-Meer et al 2013). Insight includes clinical insight and cognitive insight. Clinical insight include self-awareness of his illness, and recognizing the need for treatment. Cognitive insight includes ability of patient to distance himself from abnormal experiences and to consider alternative explanations for their beliefs (ibid). The process include self-reflection and conscious evaluation (ibid). The patient did not consider himself ill. He told interviewer that nothing is wrong with him. Veera did not admit that he has any mental illness. He also stopped taking medicines and thought he does not need them and some intruders have poisoned those medicines. He came here because he wanted to get rid of intruders who were yelling at him and spying at him and were harassing him. Veera believed that the interviewer will help him out to fix these intruders. The interviewer assured him that these intruders will be gone by evening. Social and Religious Beliefs of Patient It is very important to assess patient regarding his social, cultural and religious beliefs; which will assist while planning social recovery of the patient (Paniagua 2013). In this particular case, the patient Veera is a religious person who goes to Church every Sunday and he feels safe there. He does not have auditory hallucinations at that place. He considers the intruders which are spying on him cannot enter the church and cannot harm him at that place. It is a very positive clue regarding the patient which can help him in his recovery. Substance Abuse Assessment Drug and alcohol abuse is commonly present in patients of Schizophrenia (Gregg, Barrowclough Haddock 2007). About 50 percent of patients with Schizophrenia indulge in drug alcohol abuse (ibid). The patient was a smoker. At the time of interview, the patient was craving for a smoke and he was having withdrawal symptoms. He was anxious and was shaking his legs. Risk Assessment The patient was not taking his medicines, which was a risk for his health and others too. He was prescribed Olanzipine and was taking it up to few months back. Then he started suspecting that few inruders are around, spying on him, and have poisoned his medicines. So he stopped taking medications. The patient is not suicidal at present. Neither is he having thoughts of harming himself nor others. The patient also does not look violent at present. But we cant ensure that the patient will not be suicidal or violent as the patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia commit suicide impulsively or become very violent impulsively (Taylor 2010). The patient has stopped taking anti-psychotics and is having hallucinations; which is increasingly associated with suicides in Schizophrenic patients (ibid). Critique of the Interview Process It is important to form a therapeutic relationship with the patient while interviewing. Developing a good repo with the patient, winning trust of the patient, and making him comfortable while interviewing; are essential requirements of an effective assessment. The mental health patient should be ensured that this environment is safe for him and the interviewer is here to help him (MacKinnon 2015). It is also important to ask questions regarding his social, cultural and spiritual environment (Paniagua 2013). In this particular interview Vera told the interviewer that he goes to Church every Sunday; which is important information and will help in his recovery. The patient also told the interviewer that he feels safe at Church and do not hear voices there. The interviewer might have further asked where else do he feel safe. He might have asked about his family and friends, his supporters, his abusers etc. He could have gathered positive and negative social cues about his life and social environment. The interviewer did not take detailed history of the patient as the patient was quite upset, uncomfortable, and restless; and therefore in critical situation, interviewer preferred to keep the interview discrete. The interviewer might have asked about psychosocial/developmental history, which is very important. Here we could gather information regarding his childhood, any history of abuse or trauma, past living situations as well as present living situations, any support, education, occupation, hobbies etc. The history about his social environment is also very important including family, friends, work, and finance. History of mental illness in the family or any suicides in the family, relationships of patient with other family members, are very important questions to be asked in an interview. However the mental health assessment can proceed without taking detailed history (Davies 1997). The diagnosis could be made in few seconds (ibid) but it is essential to look for potential risks by taking detailed interview. The interviewer was finding it difficult to build rapport with the Vera. The interviewer subsequently convinced Vera that he will help him out with his problem. Vera was constantly telling the interviewer that, just relieve me of this invaders who are spying on me and yelling at me. The interviewer assured the Vera that by the end of the day, he will be alright and these intruders will be gone. Thus it is very important during mental health assessment, to constantly tell the patient that interviewer is here to help him. The interviewer should not argue with patients abstract ideas. For example here the interviewer told the Vera that these intruders will be gone by the end of the day; instead of telling the patient that there are no intruders. Thus interviewer should never confront the patient (Australian 2017). The patient told the interviewer that he needs to smoke which implied that patient is a smoker. Interviewer must have further asked the patient about other substance abuse, for e.g. alcohol, drugs, sedatives, nicotine, caffeine etc. Further the interviewer must have asked about amount of intoxication and levels of dependence. The interviewer asked Vera to go to the smoking room and continuing the further interview later-on after coming back. This was a good strategy to make the patient comfortable and winning his confidence. The interviewer asked the patient that what these voices tell him. This was a very important strategy to know the potential risks. Generally the voices in patients of Schizophrenia tell them to harm themselves or others; which is a potential risk and have legal aspects (McCarthy-Jones 2017). Thus it is very important to ask the patient what these voices ask you to do? The patients generally respond that, Cant you hear them which is a very common response and should be handled carefully (ibid). The interviewer here further clarified that whether these voices tell you to harm yourself or others; which was a good assessment. The patient was looking quite uncomfortable while giving interview. He was uncomfortable when questions were asked and wanted to quickly get them finished and go for a smoke. The interviewer should have made the patient comfortable first. The starting lines of conversation should include, I am here to help you with your troubles, Tell me all about you, I will find some solution for your problems, You have come here to solve your problems and I will help you in that. The interviewer needs to tell such lines repeatedly and frequently. In this way, the interviewer must have won the trust of patient and the patient would have felt more comfortable giving a detailed interview. This strategy is not as easy as it sounds and may not work most of the times; as recent research has shown that patients with Schizophrenia are less likely to recognize empathy in others questions and behave indifferent to empathetic questions. They only perceive that they are object of anothers attention (Berrada-B aby et al 2016). Thus interviewing a patient with Schizophrenia requires great skills especially when the patient is currently under psychosis and hallucinations. In the present case-study of Vera, the interviewer handled the situation very skilfully and was able to collect lots of information which helped in comprehensive assessment of the patient and this will further help in planning his treatment and recovery. References Akiskal, H. S. (2016). The mental status examination. In The Medical Basis of Psychiatry (pp. 3-16). Springer New York. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Pub. Australian, R. (2017). Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. Berrada-Baby, Z., Oker, A., Courgeon, M., Urbach, M., Bazin, N., Amorim, M. A., ... Brunet-Gouet, E. (2016). Patients with schizophrenia are less prone to interpret virtual others' empathetic questioning as helpful. Psychiatry research, 242, 67-74. Bor, R., Eriksen, C., Scragg, P., Oakes, M. (2016). The practicalities of clinical history-taking and mental state assessments of pilots. In: Pilot Mental Health Assessment and Support: A practitioner's guide. Routledge. Coombs, T., Curtis, J., Crookes, P. (2011). What is a comprehensive mental health nursing assessment? A review of the literature. International journal of mental health nursing, 20(5), 364-370. Davies, T. (1997). ABC of mental health. Mental health assessment. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 314(7093), 1536. Green, M. F., Harvey, P. D. (2014). Cognition in schizophrenia: Past, present, and future. Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, 1(1). DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2014.02.001. Gregg L; Barrowclough C; Haddock G (2007). "Reasons for increased substance use in psychosis". Clin Psychol Rev. 27 (4): 494510. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.09.004. Kneisl C. and Trigoboff E. (2009). Contemporary Psychiatric- Mental Health Nursing. 2nd edition. London: Pearson Prentice Ltd. p. 371. MacKinnon, R. A., Michels, R., Buckley, P. J. (2015). The psychiatric interview in clinical practice. American Psychiatric Pub. McCarthy-Jones, S. (2017). Can't You Hear Them?: The Science and Significance of Hearing Voices. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Paniagua, F. A., Yamada, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of multicultural mental health: Assessment and treatment of diverse populations. Academic Press. Taylor, M., Hor, K. (2010). Suicide and schizophrenia: a systematic review of rates and risk factors. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 4, 130. van der Meer, L., de Vos, A. E., Stiekema, A. P., Pijnenborg, G. H., van Tol, M. J., Nolen, W. A., ... Aleman, A. (2013). Insight in schizophrenia: involvement of self-reflection networks?. Schizophrenia bulletin, 39(6), 1288-1295.